Commercial Production:

Urea is a nitrogen-containing chemical product which is produced in excess of 140,000,000 tons per year worldwide, of which more than 90% of world production is destined for use as a fertilizer.

Urea is produced commercially from synthetic ammonia and carbon dioxide. Urea can be produced as prills, granules, flakes, pellets, crystals and solutions.

Urea has the highest nitrogen content of all solid nitrogeneous fertilizers in common use (46.4%N.) which is the highest concentration dry nitrogen fertilizer available. It therefore has the lowest transportation costs per unit of nitrogen nutrient.

Urea is highly soluble in water and is therefore also very suitable for use in fertilizer solutions (in combination with ammonium nitrate: UAN), e.g. in “foliar feed’ fertilizers.

Solid urea is marketed as prills or granules. The advantage of prills is that in general they can be produced more cheaply than granules which, because of their narrower particle size distribution have an advantage over prills if applied mechanically to the soil. Properties such as impact strength, crushing strength and free-flowing behaviour are particularly important in product handling, storage and bulk transportation.

Industrial Use:

Urea's commercial uses include:

• As a component of fertilizer and animal feed, providing a relatively cheap source of fixed nitrogen to promote growth.
• As a raw material for the manufacture of plastics specifically, urea-formaldehyde resin.  
• As a raw material for the manufacture of various glues (urea-formaldehyde or urea-melamine-formaldehyde). The latter is waterproof and is used for marine plywood.
• As an alternative to rock salt in the deicing of roadways and runways. It does not promote metal corrosion to the extent that salt does.
• As an additive ingredient in cigarettes, designed to enhance flavour.
• Sometimes used as a browning agent in factory-produced pretzels.
• As an ingredient in some hair conditioners, facial cleansers, bath oils and lotions.
• It is also used as a reactant in some ready-to-use cold compresses for first-aid use, due to the endohermic reaction it creates when mixed with water.
• Active ingredient for diesel engine exhaust treatment AdBlue and some other SCR systems.
• Used, along with salts, as a cloud seeding agent to expedite the condensation of water in clouds, producing precipitation.
• The ability of urea to form clathrates (also called “loose compounds” host-guest complexes, inclusion compounds, and adducts) was used in the past to separate paraffins.
• As a flame-proofing agent.
• As a clean burning fuel for motor vehicles and stationary engines.
• As a NOx-reducing reactant in diesel exhaust.

Specifications for Prilled Urea 46%N:

Nitrogen:	46.0% min.
Moisture:	0.3% max.
Biuret:	1.0% max.
Granulation:	1 – 4 mm 90-94% min.
Melting Point:	132 Degrees Celsius
Colour:	Pure White Prilled
Radiation:	Non-Radioactive
Free Ammonia:	160pxt ppm max.

Prilled, Free Flowing, Treated against caking, 100% free from harmful substances.

Specifications for Granular Urea 46%N:

Nitrogen:	46.0% min.
Moisture:	0.5 % max.
Biuret:	1.4% max.
Granulation:	2 – 4 mm 90-94% min.
Melting Point:	132 Degrees Celsius
Colour:	Standard White or Pure White
Radiation:	Non-Radioactive
Free Ammonia:	160pxt ppm max.

Free Flowing, Treated against caking, 100% free from harmful substances.

Packaging:

Urea is sold in shipload quantities (minimum 12,500 mt).   We ship the product in three (3) modes:

• Bulk (loose in shiploads)
• Bulk in 1 ton, 1.5 mt, or 2 mt woven polypropylene Jumbo Bulker Bags
• 50 kg “poly” Bags wet proofed for ocean freight/shipping new 2 ply woven bags, polypropylene outside and polyethylene inside

The Buyer must descript the packing or packaging method in the delivery schedule within thirty (30) days of signing the contract.    Any changes to these initial packing or packaging instructions thereafter can only be done with sixty (60) days notice prior to the scheduled shipment.

Packaging in 50 kg bag will have markings using English Language of seven (7) lines in black colour on one side with the word “UREA” to be printed in double size of other six (6) lines.  Price includes cost of custom artwork and lettering on bags, however Buyer to provide draft wording and logo artwork.   Sample as below:

UREA

NITROGEN 46.0% MIN BIURET 1.0% MAX MOISTURE 0.5% MAX 50KGS NET USE NO HOOKS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

Two percent (2%) extra new correctly marked 50 kg bags to be supplied free of charge to the Buyer.